How to create a command-line toolkit for Windows.....

How to create a command-line toolkit for Windows

If you are a system administrator, IT professional, or a power user it is common to find yourself using the command promptto perform administrative tasks in Windows. Whether it be copying files, accessing the Registry, searching for files, or modifying disk partitions, command-line tools can be faster and more powerful than their graphical alternatives. This tutorial will walk you through creating a command-line toolkit that contains useful programs and utilities that can make administering and using your computer easier and more efficient. The tutorial will also walk you through configuring your PATH environment variable so that these tools are available whenever you need them without having to specify the complete path to your toolkit folder. At the end of the tutorial we have listed a variety of command-line programs that are included with Windows or are by 3rd party developers that you can use as part of your command-line toolkit.

The first step is to create a folder that you will use to store your command-line programs. This folder can be located anywhere, but should have a name that describes what it is being used for. Some example folder names that you can use are bin, cl, or command-line. For the purpose of this tutorial, we will use the folder C:\command-line to store the command-line tools that we would like to use. Once the folder has been created, we now want to add it to the Windows PATH so that we do not have to type the full path to the command-line tool every time we wish to use one.

To do this, click on the Start button and type System. If you are using Windows 8, you can just type System from the Start Screen. When the search results appear, click on the System control panel in the search results to open the control panel as shown below.

Now click on the Advanced system settings option as indicated by the red arrow in the image above. This will open theAdvanced tab for the System Properties screen.

Now click on the Environment Variables button to open a screen that lists the various environment variables that are configured in Windows.

Under the System variables box scroll down till you see the Path variable. Once you see that variable, double-click on it to open a screen where you can edit it.

The Path variable is a list of folders separated by a semi-colon (;) that Windows will use to search for programs to execute when you type them in. When you try to launch a program from the command-line, Windows will search through all the folders in its path and execute the program if it is found. As we do not want to have to type the full path to a command-line program (C:\command-line\program.exe) every time we use it, we can add the C:\Command-line folder to our path so we only have to type the program name (program.exe) to launch it.

As our command-line tools in this tutorial are located in C:\command-line we want to add this folder to the end of the list of folders that are already present in the Variable value field. To do this, go to the very end of the text in the Variable value field and type ;C:\command-line. When you do this you will need to substitute C:\command-line with the path to your folder. When you are done, you should now see the field that looks similar to the image above.

To save your changes, click on the OK button and then close the System Control Panel. Now whenever you type in a program name that is stored in your command-line program folder, Windows will be able to find it and execute it.

Useful Command-line programs to add to your command-line toolkit

This section will list a variety of command-line programs that can you use to start your toolkit. When using the list below, if the program is not bundled with Windows, then the name of the program will also be a link to the site that you can use to download the program and save it to your command-line folder. If the program name does not contain a link, then it is bundled with Windows and can already be used from your command prompt. If there are any other tools that you recommend we add to this list, please let us know.

Administration and Troubleshooting Programs

Command	Description
AccessChk	AccessChk lists the kind of permissions specific users or groups have to resources including files, directories, Registry keys, global objects and Windows services
at	The AT command schedules commands and programs to run on a computer at a specified time and date. The Schedule service must be running to use the AT command.
CoreInfo	Coreinfo is a command-line utility that shows you the mapping between logical processors and the physical processor, NUMA node, and socket on which they reside, as well as the cache’s assigned to each logical processor.
driverquery	Displays a list of installed device drivers.
MpCmdRun.exe	A command-line interface for Windows Defender. To execute this program you must use the full path: %ProgramFiles%\Windows Defender\MpCmdRun.exe
net	Various Windows management commands. More information can be foundhere.
netsh	Netsh is a command-line scripting utility that allows you to, either locally or remotely, display or modify the network configuration of a computer that is currently running. More information can be found here.
powershell	Windows PowerShell is a task-based command-line shell and scripting language designed especially for system administration. More information can be found here.
PsLogList	Allows you to list the contents of local or remote computer's Windows Event Log.
PsPasswd	PsPasswd is a tool that lets you change an account password on the local or remote systems.
PsService	Allows you to list and configure Windows services.
runas	Run a program as another user.
rundll32	Execute functions exported in a DLL file.
sc	Manage Windows Services.
shutdown	Shutdown a local or remote computer.
SigCheck	Verify that images are digitally signed and dumps version information contained within the file.
UnixUtils	A collection of Unix utilities that have been ported to Windows. These utilities are very useful and include programs like grep, split, tar, dir, etc.
wmic	A program that allows command-line and batch file access to Windows Management Instrumentation. More information can be found here.
WUInstall	A command-line Windows Update installer and management program.

Boot and Windows Startup Programs

Command	Description
bcdboot	The bcdboot.exe command-line tool is used to copy critical boot files to the system partition and to create a new system BCD store. More information can be found here.
bcdedit	The Bcdedit.exe command-line tool modifies the boot configuration data store. The boot configuration data store contains boot configuration parameters and controls how the operating system is booted. This tool is for Windows Vista and later. More information can be found here.
bootcfg	More information can be found here.
repair-bde	The bootcfg command is a Microsoft Windows Server 2003 utility that modifies the Boot.ini file. This command has a function that can scan your computer's hard disks for Microsoft Windows NT, Microsoft Windows 2000, Microsoft Windows XP, and Windows Server 2003 installations, and then add them to an existing Boot.ini file or rebuild a new Boot.ini file if one does not exist. You can use the bootcfg command to add additional Boot.ini file parameters to existing or new entries. More information can be found here.

File Comparison, Search, and Viewing Programs

Command	Description
comp	Compares the contents of two files or sets of files.
findstr	Searches for strings in files. This is a powerful tool, but contains a limited Regular Expression functionality. If you want a string searching tool with greater RegExp functionality, you may want to use grep that is part of theUnixUtils package.
fc	Compares two files or sets of files and displays the differences between them.
more	Displays a file one page at a time.
sort	Reads input, sorts data, and writes the results to the screen, to a file, or to another device. More information about sort can be found here.
type	Displays the entire file to the screen.

File Permission and Management Programs

Command	Description
7Zip	Full featured archive program that can work with almost any archive type. When adding this to your command-line folder, be sure to copy both 7z.exe & 7z.dll for it to work properly.
attrib	Displays, sets, or removes the read-only, archive, system, and hidden attributes assigned to files or directories. Used without parameters, attrib displays attributes of all files in the current directory. More information can be foundhere.
cd	Changes the current working directory.
copy	Copy a file to another name or to a different folder.
dir	List the files in a folder.
File Checksum Integrity Verifier	The File Checksum Integrity Verifier (FCIV) utility can generate MD5 or SHA-1 hash values for files to compare the values against a known good value. FCIV can compare hash values to make sure that the files have not been changed.
forfiles	Selects a file (or set of files) and executes a command on that file.
Handle	Handle is a utility that displays information about open handles for any process in the system. You can use it to see the programs that have a file open, or to see the object types and names of all the handles of a program.
icacls	Displays or modifies discretionary access control lists (DACLs) on specified files, and applies stored DACLs to files in specified directories. More information about icacls can be found here.
Junction	Allows you to create, list, or delete Junctions in Windows.
LADS	LADS will display a list of all alternate data streams found in a particular folder.
md5sum	Lists the md5 has for a particular file or numerous files in a folder.
move	Move a file or folder to another location.
ren	Rename a file or folder.
Sdelete	You can use SDelete both to securely delete existing files, as well as to securely erase any file data that exists in the unallocated portions of a disk (including files that you have already deleted or encrypted). SDelete implements the Department of Defense clearing and sanitizing standard DOD 5220.22-M, to give you confidence that once deleted with SDelete, your file data is gone forever.
sfc	Scans the integrity of all protected system files and replaces incorrect versions with correct Microsoft versions.
Strings	Displays strings found within a file.
xcopy	Copies files and directories, including subdirectories.

Filesystem Management Programs

Command	Description
chkdsk	Checks a disk and displays a status report.
defrag	Locates and consolidates fragmented files on local volumes to improve system performance.
diskpart	Diskpart allows you to manage and modify disk partitions. More information about diskpart can be found here.
FixMBR	Repairs the master boot record of the boot disk. The fixmbr command is only available when you are using the Recovery Console.
recover	Recovers readable information from a bad or defective disk.
takeown	This tool allows an administrator to recover access to a file that was denied by re-assigning file ownership.

Network Diagnostics & Administration Programs

Command	Description
arp	Displays and modifies the IP-to-Physical address translation tables used by address resolution protocol (ARP). Useful for finding mac addresses of other networked devices on your network.
cURL	cURL is a command line tool for downloading web pages, entire sites, ftp files, etc.
ipconfig	Displays all current TCP/IP network configuration values and refreshes Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) and Domain Name System (DNS) settings. Used without parameters, ipconfig displays the IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway for all adapters. More information can be found here.
Netcat	Netcat is a featured networking utility which reads and writes data across network connections, using the TCP/IP protocol. This is a very useful tool for diagnosing network connections, open firewall ports, or for sending the output of a local command to a remote computer.
netstat	Displays protocol statistics and current TCP/IP network connections.
Nmap	Nmap ("Network Mapper") is a utility for network discovery and security auditing. This program can quickly perform a TCP/IP audit of your network.
nslookup	Nslookup allows you to perform DNS (Domain Name Service) resolution.
pathping	The PathPing tool is a route tracing tool that combines features of Ping and Tracert with additional information that neither of those tools provides. PathPing sends packets to each router on the way to a final destination over a period of time, and then computes results based on the packets returned from each hop. Since PathPing shows the degree of packet loss at any given router or link, you can pinpoint which routers or links might be causing network problems. More information can be found here.
ping	Ping is a computer network administration utility used to test if you can reach a host on an Internet Protocol (IP) network and to measure the round-trip time for messages sent from the originating host to a destination computer.
PsFile	PsFile is a command-line utility that shows a list of files on a system that are opened remotely, and it also allows you to close opened files either by name or by a file identifier.
PsExec	PsExec is a program that lets you execute processes on other systems, complete with full interactive use for console applications, without having to manually install client software. Please note that some anti-virus vendors may detect this as "Remote Admin", but it is a legitimate tool from Microsoft.
PsLoggedOn	PsLoggedOn is an program that displays both the locally logged on users and users logged on via resources for either the local computer, or a remote one. If you specify a user name instead of a computer, PsLoggedOn searches the computers in the network neighborhood and tells you if the user is currently logged on.
route	Displays and modifies the entries in the local IP routing table. Used without parameters, route displays help. More information can be found here.
tracert	Displays the path taken from TCP/IP packets as they traverse from your local computer to a remote target. More information can be found here.
Wget	GNU Wget is a program for retrieving files using HTTP, HTTPS and FTP, the most widely-used Internet protocols.

Process Management Programs

Command	Description
ListDlls	ListDLLs is a utility that reports the DLLs loaded into processes. You can use it to list all DLLs loaded into all processes, into a specific process, or to list the processes that have a particular DLL loaded.
PsKill	Allows you to terminate processes.
PsList	Lists all running processes.
tasklist	Lists all running running processes and services. This program can also be used to list what services are running under a particular svchost process. Seehere for more information regarding how to do that.
taskkill	This tool is used to terminate tasks by process id (PID) or image name.

How to open Bitlocker drive without password or Bitlocker recovery key?

                  Bitlocker drive data recovery software - M3 Bitlocker Recovery

 

              Please download and try a program called M3 Bitlocker Recovery.

       http://www.m3datarecovery.com/download/m3bitlockerrecoveryfree.exe

M3 Bitlocker Recovery is a professional data recovery software for Bitlocker encrypted drive which can recover deleted files from Bitlocker drive, recover files from formatted Bitlocker drive, recover files from deleted or lost Bitlocker partition, recover data from damaged, inaccessible or corrupted Bitlocker drive, recover data after Bitlocker encryption/decryption failed, etc. If you remember the Bitlocker password or Bitlocker recovery key, you can recover data from Bitlockerr drive without problem.
Step 1: Select the Bitlocker drive you want to recover data from and click Next to continue.



Step 2: Enter Bitlocker recovery key or encryption password.

Step 3: Scan the lost files from Bitlocker drive


Step 4: After your files are found, please select and click "Recover" to save them.

 

How to create a new user account in Windows 7 and Windows Vista......

Windows 7 and Windows Vista allows you to have multiple users sharing the same computer under their own individual accounts. This allows each individual user to have their own location on the computer where they can store their personal documents, pictures, videos, saved games, and other personal data. This also allows the owner of the computer to assign certain accounts the ability to perform administrative tasks like installing software, while limiting other user's abilities.

This tutorial will walk you through creating a new account in Windows 7 and Windows Vista.

1.     Click on the Start button. This is the small round button () in the lower left corner of your screen that has a Windows flag on it.
 

2.     Click on the Control Panel menu option.

3.   When the control panel opens you will see a screen similar to Figure 1 below.

First Method 

Open Run As Command Win+R

Type  ------------------- control

Open Control Panel

Click >  User Accounts & Family Safety

And Click> User Accounts

And Click> Manage another Account

Click> Create New  Account

And type here your user name 

Example ... ... (Khan)

and Choose different account 

Standard Or Administrator

The standard account can help protect your computer by preventing users from making changes that affect everyone who uses the computer, such as deleting files that are required for the computer to work. We recommend creating a standard account for each user.

When you are logged on to Windows with a standard account, you can do almost anything that you can do with an administrator account, but if you want to do something that affects other users of the computer, such as installing software or changing security settings, Windows might ask you to provide a password for an administrator account.

And complete your account 

So Click> Account

And here you can change account name, password, account type standard or administrator, manage account, delete account.

Second Method 

Open Run As Command Win+R

Type  ------------------- lusrmgr.msc

Ope users

Click Right Button on Users

Open > New User

And Choose your <user name>

Type your <full name>

and you can give any other name <description>

you can create your account password

example <123@qwe>

and click Create

And Show your account 

And Show your account 

You can Delete your account 

select your account and click red multiply option and enter < yes >

Deleted

Second Method 

Open Run As Command Win+R

Type  ------------------- cmd

Type Command Here

"net user /add khan"

"Khan" is a example of user name 

and you can delete also this account

suppose "khan"

"net user /del khan"

and Close cmd

Type < Exit>

Now when you start Windows 7 or Vista, you will see the additional account listed in the logon screen. That user can then select their login name and login into their profile so they can access their private data.

How To Corrupt Windows Machine Within a Minute....

How To Corrupt Windows Machine Within a Minute....

You can corrupt windows operating system by deleting bootmgr file, but there is two problems which prevent you by doing so.

Problem 1:- The system partitions which contains bootmgr file is not listed in your windows explorer.

Problem 2:- This file can not be deleted by normal user until you modified its ownership.

So here I m going to explain steps how to solve these problems...

Solution 1:- select computer icon & right click on it and select manage.

It will open Disk Management Utility,  & there you will see the partitions but one partition does not have any drive letter like this...

Right click on that partition & select change drive letters...

click on Add then click on ok.

Now that partition is assigned letter F and open this drive but all files are hidden, so follow these steps to unhide these files in below snap you will see there are no contents..

Now go to Organize & select Folder and search options.

In folder options windows go to View Tab and select show hidden files, folders and drives radio button and uncheck all three check box below this..

after clicking on ok button your files would be in normal (unhide) condition like this..

Solution 2:- Now select Bootmgr file and click on delete, but there will be error message showing that you cant delete this file...

Now right click on bootmgr file and select properties, go to security tab and click on advanced

Go to Owner tab and click on Edit...

In next window select Other users & groups...

In users and groups search box type Everyone...

After clicking on Ok button you will be directed to permissions dialog box and there select Edit...

Now click on Add button...

Type Everyone...

& select Everyone from group or users names and assign Full control permissions like below image...and select ok

Now go back to your drive & delete bootmgr file and restart the machine.

Legal Notice:- These steps are for educational purpose only.